Anthu Athawa Pambuyo pa Nitric Acid Kutayikira Ku Arizona - Koma Kodi Acid Ndi Chiyani?

Mtambo wachikasu-lalanje umapangidwa ndi asidi wa nitric ukawola ndikutulutsa mpweya wa nitrogen dioxide. Chithunzi chojambula: Vovantarakan/Shutterstock.com

Lachiwiri, February 14, anthu okhala ku Pima County ku Southern Arizona adauzidwa kuti asamuke kapena kubisala m'nyumba galimoto yonyamula nitric acid itagunda ndikutaya zomwe zili mumsewu wozungulira.

Ngoziyi inachitika cha m'ma 2:43 pm ndipo inakhudza galimoto yamalonda yomwe imakoka "2,000 pounds" (~ 900 kilograms) ya nitric acid, yomwe inagunda, kupha dalaivala ndikusokoneza njira yaikulu yakum'mawa ndi kumadzulo yomwe imadutsa kumwera kwa US. Kumadzulo.

Oyamba kuyankha, kuphatikiza dipatimenti yamoto ya Tucson ndi Arizona Department of Public Safety, posakhalitsa adasamutsa aliyense mkati mwa theka la kilomita (0.8 kilomita) kuchokera ku ngoziyo ndikuuza ena kuti azikhala m'nyumba ndikuzimitsa zoziziritsa kukhosi ndi zotenthetsera. Ngakhale kuti lamulo la "pogona" lidachotsedwa pambuyo pake, pakuyembekezeka kukhala zosokoneza mosalekeza m'misewu yozungulira malo angoziwo popeza mankhwala owopsawo amathandizidwa.

Nitric acid (HNO3) ndi madzi opanda mtundu komanso owononga kwambiri omwe amapezeka m'ma laboratories ambiri wamba ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana monga ulimi, migodi, ndi kupanga utoto. Asidi nthawi zambiri amapezeka popanga feteleza komwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) ndi calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) ya feteleza. Pafupifupi feteleza onse opangidwa ndi nayitrogeni amagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira zakudya ndipo pakufunika kufunikira kwa iwo pamene chiwerengero cha anthu padziko lonse chikukwera ndikuyika kufunikira kwakukulu pakupanga chakudya.

Zinthuzi zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati kalambulabwalo popanga zophulika ndipo zalembedwa kuti ziwongoleredwe m'maiko ambiri chifukwa cha kuthekera kwawo kogwiritsa ntchito molakwika - ammonium nitrate kwenikweni ndiye adayambitsa kuphulika kwa Beirut mu 2020.

Asidi wa nitric ndi wovulaza chilengedwe komanso poizoni kwa anthu. Kuwonekera kwa asidi, malinga ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), kungayambitse kupsa mtima kwa maso ndi khungu ndipo kungayambitse mavuto osiyanasiyana ochedwa m'mapapo, monga edema, pneumonitis, ndi bronchitis. Kuopsa kwa nkhaniyi kumadalira mlingo ndi nthawi ya kuwonetseredwa.

Zithunzi ndi zithunzi zojambulidwa ndi anthu ambiri zikuwonetsa mtambo waukulu wachikasu-lalanje ukuwuluka mumlengalenga kuchokera pamalo pomwe panachitika ngozi ku Arizona. Mtambowu umapangidwa ndi asidi wa nitric ukawola ndikutulutsa mpweya wa nitrogen dioxide.

Kutayika kwa nitric acid kumabwera patangotha ​​​​masiku 11 kuchokera pamene sitima yonyamula katundu ya Norfolk Southern itasiya njanji ku Ohio. Chochitikachi chinapangitsanso kuti anthu atuluke pamene vinyl chloride yonyamulidwa m'magalimoto asanu a njanjiyo idayaka moto ndikutumiza mitsinje yapoizoni ya hydrogen chloride ndi phosgene mumlengalenga.