Cov neeg nyob hauv khiav tawm tom qab Nitric Acid spill nyob rau hauv Arizona - Tab sis Dab tsi yog Acid?

Lub huab txiv kab ntxwv-daj yog tsim los ntawm nitric acid thaum nws decomposes thiab tsim nitrogen dioxide gas. Duab credit: Vovantarakan / Shutterstock.com

Hnub Tuesday, Lub Ob Hlis 14, cov neeg nyob hauv Pima County nyob rau yav qab teb Arizona tau hais kom khiav tawm lossis nyob hauv tsev tom qab lub tsheb thauj khoom nqa kua nitric acid tsoo thiab nchuav nws cov ntsiab lus mus rau txoj kev nyob ib puag ncig.

Qhov kev huam yuaj tshwm sim nyob ib ncig ntawm 2:43 teev tsaus ntuj thiab koom nrog lub tsheb thauj khoom thauj "2,000 phaus" (~ 900 kilograms) ntawm nitric acid, uas tau tsoo, tua tus neeg tsav tsheb thiab cuam tshuam rau txoj kev loj sab hnub poob uas hla ntau ntawm Teb Chaws Asmeskas Sab Qab Teb. Sab hnub poob.

Cov neeg teb thawj zaug, suav nrog Tucson Fire Department thiab Arizona Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Nyab Xeeb Hauv Pej Xeem, sai sai tshem tawm txhua tus nyob hauv ib nrab mais (0.8 mais) ntawm kev sib tsoo thiab qhia lwm tus kom nyob hauv tsev thiab tua lawv cov cua txias thiab cua sov. Txawm hais tias qhov kev txiav txim "chaw nyob hauv-chaw" tau raug tshem tawm tom qab, yuav tsum muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis tu ncua ntawm txoj kev nyob ib puag ncig ntawm qhov chaw sib tsoo vim tias cov tshuaj lom neeg raug cuam tshuam nrog.

Nitric acid (HNO3) yog cov kua uas tsis muaj xim thiab muaj corrosive heev uas muaj nyob rau hauv ntau lub chaw soj nstuam thiab siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam lag luam xws li kev ua liaj ua teb, mining, thiab dye manufacturing. Cov kua qaub feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov chiv uas nws siv los tsim ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) thiab calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) rau chiv. Yuav luag tag nrho cov nitrogen-raws li chiv tau siv rau feedstocks thiab yog li muaj kev xav tau ntau ntxiv rau lawv raws li cov pej xeem thoob ntiaj teb nce thiab qhov chaw xav tau ntau dua rau kev tsim khoom noj.

Cov tshuaj no kuj tseem siv los ua cov khoom ua ntej hauv kev tsim cov khoom tawg thiab tau teev tseg rau kev tswj hwm hauv ntau lub tebchaws vim tias lawv muaj peev xwm siv tsis raug - ammonium nitrate yog cov khoom muaj feem cuam tshuam rau Beirut tawg xyoo 2020.

Nitric acid yog teeb meem rau ib puag ncig thiab lom rau tib neeg. Kev cuam tshuam rau cov kua qaub, raws li Lub Chaw Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob thiab Tiv Thaiv (CDC), tuaj yeem ua rau khaus ntawm lub qhov muag thiab tawv nqaij thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau yam teeb meem pulmonary, xws li edema, pneumonitis, thiab bronchitis. Qhov hnyav ntawm cov teeb meem no nyob ntawm qhov koob tshuaj thiab lub sijhawm ntawm qhov raug.

Cov duab thiab cov duab coj los ntawm cov tswv cuab ntawm cov pej xeem qhia pom cov huab cua daj-xim daj loj tuaj rau saum ntuj los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm Arizona kev sib tsoo. Cov huab no yog tsim los ntawm nitric acid thaum nws decomposes thiab tsim nitrogen dioxide gas.

Nitric acid nchuav los tsuas yog 11 hnub tom qab lub tsheb ciav hlau thauj khoom thauj mus rau Norfolk Southern derailed hauv Ohio. Qhov kev tshwm sim no kuj tau ua rau kev khiav tawm ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv vim tias cov yas chloride nqa hauv tsib lub tsheb ciav hlau tau ntes hluav taws thiab xa cov plumes ntawm cov tshuaj lom hydrogen chloride thiab phosgene mus rau hauv qhov chaw.